不锈钢材料由于具有良好的耐腐蚀性以及加工性能而被广泛的应用在各个领域，如建筑领域，厨房家具，电子电器产品，车辆等。
Stainless steel material is widely used in various fields, such as construction, kitchen appliance, electronic equipment, vehicles and so on, because of its corrosion resistance and processability.
在不锈钢的加工使用上人们开发了多种加工工艺，如研磨、喷砂、腐蚀等。不锈钢具有银白色的金属光泽，在实际应用中为了使其具有更多的颜色，我们一般采用表面喷涂某种固定色彩的油漆，从而达到我们想要的效果。
People have developed a variety of processing technic for using stainless steel processing, such as grinding, sandblasting, corrosion and so on. Stainless steel has a silver-white metallic luster. We generally use fixed color paint to spray the surface to make it have more color in practical application, to achieve the effect we want.
针对不锈钢表面着色，可分为化学着色法、电化学着色法……
For stainless steel surface coloring, it can be divided into chemical coloring method, electrochemical coloring method.
★你是否知道★
下面这两种在不锈钢材质上呈现的彩色图案，是通过什么方式加工的呢？
Do you know how the following two-color patterns presented on stainless steel are processed?
喷涂油漆？
paint spraying?
烤漆上色？
baking varnish?
画笔彩绘？
colored drawing?
通通都不是！
幕后功臣竟然是
Not at all!
The answer, it turns out,
is Laser Marking.
激光打标
本期【Rayclass | 锐课堂】带你走进不锈钢激光打彩的高“颜”值世界。
环保、绿色、不易脱落
Environmental protection, green, hard to fall off
随着人们环保意识的增强，绿色加工的意识越来越强。传统的喷涂工艺已经无法适应市场的需求。同时由于使用环境的影响，在不锈钢表面喷涂的油漆会随着腐蚀作用而出现脱落而影响正常使用。因此，探索出一种绿色无污染的不锈钢表面着色工艺是具有广阔前景的。
With the enhancement of environmental awareness, awareness of green processing is growing as well. Traditional spraying technology has been unable to adapt to the needs of the market. Meanwhile, because of the environment, the paint sprayed on the surface of stainless steel may fall off because of corrosion and affect the normal use.
显色原理
Color Rendering Principle
不锈钢材料彩色激光打标的显色原理，经过薄膜分析仪对不锈钢激光打彩表面分析，发现在激光的作用下不锈钢表面会产生一层薄膜，由于当光照射到经过激光作用后的薄膜表面后发生干涉作用原理如下图所示，从而产生出不同的颜色。当其产生干涉后究竟何种光会被加强取决于不锈钢氧化膜的厚度，当其中某一种颜色的光被加强时候，薄膜表面就呈现出被加强的颜色。
The principle of stainless steel material color laser marking is using thin-film analyzer to analyze the stainless-steel laser painted surface and found that a thin-film will be produced on the surface of stainless steel under the action of laser. Because when light hits the surface of the film after the laser action is shown in the figure below, different colors are generated. What kind of light is strengthened when it interferes depends on the thickness of the stainless steel oxide film, When the light of one of the colors is intensified, the surface of the thin film shows the enhanced color.
光的薄膜干涉原理
The thin-film interference principle of light
动手操作
hands-on workshop
看了激光打彩的精美样品，又说了激光打彩的优点和原理，究竟用激光能打出怎样绚丽的色彩，不妨通过实验来了解一下。
We saw the exquisite samples and said the advantages and principles of laser coloring. What kind of brilliant colors can be produced with lasers? Let's look at the experiment.
实验机型：RFL-P20M
窄脉宽脉冲光纤激光器具有高平均功率（20-100W）、高峰值功率（≤15kW）、2-350ns多种脉宽可调，高重复频率（10-1000kHZ），可以通过采用不同的脉宽、频率及功率组合，能精确控制激光能量输出，因此在不锈钢、钛合金表面能形成不同厚度和不同氧化物构成的“氧化膜”，进而能够呈现出我们人眼看到的不同颜色。
Short-pulse fiber laser with high average power (20 to 100w)、Peak power (less than or equal to 15kW)、2 to 350ns multiple pulse widths are adjustable, High repetition frequency (10 to 1000khz) can accurately control the laser energy output by using different pulse width, frequency and power combination. Therefore, the surface of stainless steel and titanium alloy can form "oxide film" composed of different thickness and different oxides, which can present different colors that our eyes can see.
其优势则在于它的脉宽和频率为独立可调，调整其中一项并不会影响其他激光参数，而这种特性，给不锈钢彩色标刻带了无限种可能。
The advantage is that its pulse width and frequency are independently adjustable, adjusting one of them will not affect other laser parameters, and this feature has unlimited possibilities for stainless steel color marking.
频率-功率-脉宽线性曲线
Linear frequency - power - pulse width curve
由于不锈钢表面打彩对于激光功率的变化很敏感，如若想让不同的激光器标记出相同的颜色，对于激光器的功率-频率线性度有很高的要求，本实验的相关频率-功率-脉宽线性曲线如上图所示。
Because the color of stainless steel surface is very sensitive to the change of laser power, if different lasers want to mark the same color, there is a high requirement for the linearity of power-frequency of laser. The linear curve of related frequency-power-pulse width in this experiment is shown in the figure above.
各个脉宽在其对应的截止频率之前，功率与频率呈现出正比关系，良好的线性关系为不同的激光器标记出同种颜色提供了很好的基础。
Before the corresponding cutoff frequency of each pulse width, power and frequency show a direct proportion relationship, and a good linear relationship provides a good basis for different lasers to mark the same color.
见证奇迹的时刻
the time to witness the miracle
下面为本次实验使用不同的工艺参数组合，所标记出的颜色种类:
The following is the color category marked by different combinations of process parameters used in this experiment:
青绿色
turquoise
砖红色
brick red
金色
gold
橙色
orange
紫色
violet
浅蓝
Cambridge blue
紫红色
amaranth
青色
cyan
藏青色
navy blue
目前，国内的激光打标应用已经被越来越多的厂商所使用，告别一般激光打标的黑白灰，在不锈钢打标领域的拓展的基础上，出现了不锈彩色打标的新工艺，只需几分钟，不锈钢表面便可拥有各种各样的美丽图案，不仅提高了“颜值”，也为不锈钢在生活中的应用提供了更多可能，创造了激光标刻的另一个时代。
At present, the laser marking application in China has been used by increasingly manufacturers. Farewell general laser marking only black, white, and grey, based on the expansion of the field of stainless steel marking, a new process of stainless color marking appeared. Only a few minutes, the stainless-steel surface can have a variety of beautiful patterns, not only improve the aesthetic value, but also provides more possibilities for the application of stainless steel in life, and create another era of laser marking.
